Global benefits of 150 billion EUR

This research was last updated in 2018.

ECF research shows that cycling generates 150 billion euros in global benefits per year across the EU, with over 90 billion euros coming from positive externalities like environmental protection, public health, and mobility. In contrast, motorised road transport costs the EU 800 billion euros annually in negative externalities. Cycling's benefits extend beyond transport, influencing areas such as industrial policy, employment, and health.

Environment and climate

CO2 emissions savings

Cycling saves emissions equaling more than 16 million tons of CO2 equivalents per year in the EU.

 

Reduction of air pollution

Value of reduced air pollution through cycling: 435 million euros

 

Reduction of noise pollution

The value of reduced noise pollution through cycling is 300 million euros.

Noise pollution from road traffic is the cause of around 8 900 premature deaths and almost 800 000 additional cases of hypertension per year in Europe.

 
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Energy + Resources

Fuel Savings

 The current levels of cycling in the EU correspond to fuel savings of more than 3 billion litres per year, which corresponds to the fuel consumption for road transport of a country like Ireland.


Vehicle Production

The average weight of a car in the EU in 2017 was almost 1400 kg, a bike rarely weighs more than 20 kg, or 1.5% of the weight of a car. This means that much less resources are needed for its construction. 
 

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Health

Longer + healthier lives: Reduced mortality + morbidity

Cycling prevents 18 110 premature deaths per year in the EU-28. This corresponds to an economic value of EUR 52 bn per year.

 

Public Health

Engaging in moderate physical activity reduces the risk for Alzheimer’s disease by 29% and for cognitive decline by about 26%.

Employees that cycle to work regularly have on average 1.3 days less sickness absence per year. This means a gain of almost 5 bn EUR per year for employers around the EU.

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Business

Bicycle manufacturing and related industries

The value of the bicycle market in Europe was estimated at 13.2 bn EUR in 2016.

It is expected to grow with an annual rate of 5.5% until 2022.

 

Cycle tourism

There is an estimated number of 2.3 billion cycle tourism trips per year in the EU, which stand for a total economic value of 44 bn EUR.

Cycle tourism is linked to ca. 525 000 jobs in the EU.

 

Cycle logistics

Cargo bikes have the potential to replace the following share of motorised trips in urban areas:

+23-25 %ofthecommercialdeliveriesincities
+50 %ofthecommercialserviceandmaintenancetrips
+ 77% of private logistics trips (shopping, leisure, child transport)

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